ABSTRACT: In this study the significance of subsurface temperature and geothermal gradient wells are briefly evaluated lor geothermal energy exploration. The world average geothermal gradient is considered to be 25°C/km. Thermal conductivity of rocks strata, regional, heat flow conditions, subsurface- thermal water moment, and global tectonic phanoraena are controlling` for geothermal gradient. Some extraneous factors that affect shallow depth temperatures (1-15 meter) are local, variations in the character and moisture content of the near surface materials, topography, depth to water table, vegetation, and microclimate,, so that. shallow température, distributions are not enough to provide economically usable thermal fluids. The principal advantage of temperature measurements at such, shallow depths in comparison, with deeper measurements are their relatively lowcost in both time and money