TMMOBABSTRACT: This study aims to compare the permeability coefficients calculated based on the particle sizeanalyses peculiar to the soil samples of some districts at Meşelik and Tepebaşı residential areas inEskişehir. The study area covers 6 km2. In this study, the properties of units in alluvial deposit cut by 29boreholes previously drilled in the area were examined from borehole logs contained in the geological reports. On the basis of the sieve analyses, particle size distribution curves were drawn. The parametersof D60, D50, D30, D20, D10, I0, U, Cc values were calculated by using these graphs. Porosity values werecalculated by using Gs, specific density and water content. Permeability coefficients were also calculatedfor the units having no water content values considering the intervals accepted by the literature.Dependently or independently on porosity values, permeability coefficients were individually calculated byusing the Hazen, Kozeny-Carman, Breyer, Slichter, Terzaghi, USBR and Alyamani-Sen formulas, for eachcore samples from different depths of the boreholes and then the most appropriate formula for differentdepths and units was determined. Variations of permeability coefficient for different grain sizes andporosities were studied. Based on the outcomes of this study, calculated permeability coefficients arealmost similar for uniform soil units, however, different for non-uniform units. It is inferred that usingabove-mentioned approaches for estimation of permeability coefficient for clay material is not suitable. Asa conclusion, estimation of permeability coefficient using Breyer, Slitcher, Terzaghi and Alyamani-Senapproaches are more suitable for non-uniform units while Hazen, Cozeny-Carman ve USBR areapplicable for uniform units.
ABSTRACT: Liquid limit is one of the important soil index parameters and it is determined by means of two standard methods; Casagrande and fall-cone methods. Determination of liquid limit by fall-cone is based on penetration of cone shaped metal object in to a homogeneously prepared soil mud with free fall. Even though it is less operator dependent and it gives more accurate results, compared to the Casagrande method, standard 4 point fall-cone method as imposed in TS 1900, takes long time when too many samples are to be tested for identification purposes. In this study 138 clay samples were tested with fall-cone method, test results were evaluated statistically and determination of liquid limit by means of one point fall-cone was investigated. After the experimental and statistical studies, 3 empirical equations were developed and LL= W/(0.33*(P/20)+0.66) equation seemed to be more reliable. Faults to happen during the application of standard 4 point method are reflected on the graph and after drawing a trend line, these faults will be distributed along the trend line. However in the one point method faults will be reflected directly on a single liquid limit value. Therefore, in one point method, test procedure should be obeyed carefully. Although the fall-cone liquid limit test method is proposed method in Turkish Standards, one point method is not mentioned. As in the standards of other countries, it is thought to be appropriate that Turkish Standards include one point fall-cone method.
ABSTRACT: This study was carried out in Gölbaşı-Harmanlı (Adıyaman) region where coal basin exists. Chemical, petrographical and organic geochemical analyses of the Tertiary aged coals were taken in to consideration. Coal quality investigation along with proximate (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash) and elemental analyses (C, H, O, S, N) were performed. The huminite reflectances of organically abundant matter and coal levels were found to be between 0.28% and 0.516% which refer to low maturity levels. This parameter is compatible with fluorescence colors, calorific value (average original 2736 - dry 3727 Kcal/kg) and average Tmax (422 oC). Organic matters of the investigated coals exhibit a low grade transformation, due to a low lithostatic pressure on them. In GC analyses, n-alkanes with low carbon numbers as n-C17, n-C27, n-C30 and n-C3 and CS2 as well as benzen were detected. Triterpanoid component was determined with GC-MS data and tends to imply high ground continental vegetation, but gammacera values to hypersaline depositional conditions. Gölbaşı coals show sub-bituminous and lignite coalification ranks. Rock Eval analysis results show TYPE II/III and III kerogen, with average Tmax value is 422 oC, and corresponding to the immature and premature rank for hydrocarbon generation. The coals are characterised with their abundance of huminite maceral group with small amount of inertinite and liptinite macerals. Mineral matters of the Gölbaşı coals are calcite, clays, and sulfur bearing minerals
ABSTRACT: In this study, use of Rock Quality Designation (RQD) and Volumetric Joint Count (Jv) parameters forprediction of block volume from Harşit Granitoid exposed in Dogankent (Giresun) area, was investigated.For this purpose, a quarry was chosen as the study area and properties of discontinuities were determinedby performing scan-line surveys on the pit slopes. In prediction of block volume from Harşit Granitoid, Vbwhich is an input parameter of Rock Mass Index (RMi) system, was used. Jv and RQD variables used forpredicting Vb value were defined from the discontinuity spacing measurements performed on differentslopes within the quarry. When considering the Block Shape Factor (β), the blocks can be generallyclassified as compact, slightly long-flat shaped. Due to some constrains of RQD, use of Jv values is more effective for predicting block volume. It was concluded that, the average producible block volumefrom Harşit Granitoid was determined to be Vb= 7.15 m3 and this value is within the range of theeconomically producable block volume.