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Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi

Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi

2018 HAZİRAN Cilt 42 Sayı 1
COVER
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CONTENTS
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Evaluation of Water Quality Parameters of Söğütlü River (Trabzon) Using Geographical Information System
Arzu Firat Ersoy Duygu Karagüllü
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ABSTRACT: The need for drinking, use, energy and water for many purposes is increasing day by day as a source oflife for all living things. Unplanned use of water resources is one of the most important problems today. Due tooveruse, water resources are adversely affected and polluted by environmental factors. The management of waterresources in this framework is important not only in terms of water quantity but also in terms of its quality. Inthis study, hydrochemical properties of water samples taken from 17 different points in Trabzon city Söğütlü Riverand its branches were determined and the basin was classified in terms of different water quality parameters byusing spatial analysis techniques. Dissolved oxygen (DO) values at Söğütlü Stream ranged from 2.76 to 11.24 mg/l;Hardness values (FS) vary between 50.75-218.48 mg/l. pH value in surface water is between 6.63 and 7.5; theelectrical conductivity (EC) value is between 61-258 μS/cm and the total dissolved solids (TDS) is between 58-223 mg/l. Surface water of Söğütlü Stream classified as Fe, Mn and Al is in II., III. and IV category according to“Classifications of Inland Surface Water Resources”. In terms of NO2 and NO3 pollution parameters, also water class is in II., III. and IV. category. Physical, chemical and pollution analyses made on the surface water of SöğütlüRiver show that surface water has been polluted in recent years due to unfavorable environmental conditions.

  • Water quality

  • physical and chemical parameters

  • IDW

  • Söğütlü River

  • Trabzon

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  • Gültekin, F., Fırat Ersoy, A., Hatipoğlu, E. ve Celep, S., 2011. Trabzon İli Akarsularının Yağışlı Dönem Su Kalitesi Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi. Ekoloji, 21, 82 , 77-88.

  • Gültekin, F., Fırat Ersoy, A., Hatipoğlu, E. ve Celep, S., 2013. Quality Assessment of Surface and Groundwater in Solaklı Basin (Trabzon, Turkey). Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 72, 2 , 213-224

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  • Kara, C. ve Çömlekçioğlu, U., 2004. Karaçay (Kahramanmaraş)’ın Kirliliğinin Biyolojik ve Fiziko-Kimyasal Parametrelerle İncelenmesi. KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 7, 1.

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  • Fırat Ersoy, A , Karagüllü, D . (2018). Söğütlü Deresi (Trabzon) Su Kalitesi Parametrelerinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi . Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi , 42 (1) , 1-16 . DOI: 10.24232/jmd.434133

  • Fırat Ersoy, A , Karagüllü, D . Söğütlü Deresi (Trabzon) Su Kalitesi Parametrelerinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 1-16

    • Determination of Structural Discontinuities in Cyprus Island by Using EGM08 Gravity Data
    Mustafa Ali Elmas
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    ABSTRACT: In this study, it was aimed to determine the structural discontinuities of the Cyprus Island by applying totalhorizontal derivative and tilt angle techniques to the vertical first derivative data of satellite gravity data. Whendetermining the structural discontinuities of the zone, the maximum amplitudes of the total horizontal derivativemap and the zero amplitude values of the tilt angle map were utilized. The specified lineaments are comparedwith known discontinuities in the study area. Along with a good harmony between this study and previous studies,new discontinuity boundaries were determined. In addition, the basement topography of the Cyprus Island iscalculated by using the Parker-Oldenburg inversion algorithm. It is believed that the study will contribute to a betterunderstanding of the geological structure of the region.

  • Horizontal Gradient Magnitude

  • Tilt Angle

  • Cyprus Island

  • First Vertical Derivative

  • Structural Discontinuity

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  • Elmas, A . (2018). Kıbrıs Adası Yapısal Süreksizliklerinin EGM08 Gravite Verileri Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi . Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi , 42 (1) , 17-32 . DOI: 10.24232/jmd.434135

  • Elmas, A . Kıbrıs Adası Yapısal Süreksizliklerinin EGM08 Gravite Verileri Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 17-32

    • Effect of Difficult Ground Conditions on Tunnel Excavations in Kabataş-Mecidiyekoy Metro (Istanbul) Tunnel
    Mehmet Özçelik
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    ABSTRACT: In recent years, transportation tunnels have been excavated by mechanical methods. The selection of a suitableexcavator for the geological structure is an important factor in achieving an efficient tunnel excavation. For thispurpose, geological formations along the Kabataş-Mecidiyeköy tunnel alignment have been evaluated in terms ofexcavation mechanics. The Istanbul Metro Project between Kabatas-Mecidiyekoy stations includes two types oftunnel excavations, tunnel boring machines (TBM) and New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). The total length ofthe two lines of the tunnel to be opened using TBM is 6180 m. In addition, the total length of the two lines to be openedby NATM method is 4490 m. In this study, soil and rock units along the Kabataş-Mecidiyeköy tunnel alignment wereclassified in terms of engineering geology, and tunneling, and the effects of difficult ground conditions on tunnelexcavation were investigated. In addition, the related information is given for the permeability of the geological unitsand the groundwater level.

  • Istanbul

  • Metro

  • Tunnel excavation

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  • Özçelik, M . Kabataş-Mecidiyeköy Metro (İstanbul) Tünellerinde Zor Zemin Koşullarının Tünel Kazısına Etkisi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 33-48

  • Özçelik, M . Kabataş-Mecidiyeköy Metro (İstanbul) Tünellerinde Zor Zemin Koşullarının Tünel Kazısına Etkisi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 33-48

    • Evaluation of Problems Encountered During the Construction of the Çamlıca Hill Access Tunnels
    Feyat Taz Ömer Ündül Hasan Denek
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    ABSTRACT: In Istanbul, where population is rapidly increasing, underground engineering structures such as subways and tunnels are being constructed to minimize disruptions in transportation. Çamlıca Hill Access Tunnels are constructed to access road transportation to Çamlıca Mosque. Tunnels are excavated in the Kurtköy, Aydos and Gözdağ formations in Istanbul Paleozoic sequence and in the Cretaceous dykes that intrude in to these units. Within the scope of this study, excavation and support works and geo-engineering problems of T2 Tunnel (km:0+795 - 1+066) and Approach Tunnel (km:0+275 - 0+308) belonging to Çamlıca Hill Access Tunnels are studied to be evaluated together with numerical analyses. During tunneling works, additional improvement works have been done especially due to inadequate excavation and support systems. However, it has been determined that proper stability conditions can not be achieved in the tunnels. In addition, generally overbreak, deformations and water inflow are other geo-engineering problems. In the evaluation of these problems affecting the rate of advance and cost, the geological characteristics of the region, the rock properties of the units encountered during the tunnel excavation, rock mass characteristics, excavation and support applications, and current tunnel observations are discussed together. The rock material and rock mass parameters obtained in the study were evaluated in two dimensional numerical analysis based on Hoek-Brown failure criterion and finite element method (Rocscience © Phase 2D software). Longitudinal geological models that were prepared for the examined sections of the tunnel, elastic-plastic zone boundaries and thickness were determined, geological boundary conditions that caused abovementioned problems have been tried to describe. Together with the evaluation of the laboratory data, observations in tunnels and numerical analyses, rock environment that moderate-frequently jointed clayey sandstone and arkosic sandstone with highly and completely weathered (V-VI) levels and especially weak zones (shear, faults etc.) were determined the highest overbreak potential area. In addition it has been revealed overbreak potential is low at rock environment that is slight-moderately fractured, slight-moderately (II-III) weathered arkosic sandstones and quarz arenite without any structural component (fault, shear zone etc.).

  • Çamlıca Hill Access Tunnels

  • Istanbul Paleozoic sequence

  • geo-engineering properties

  • numerical analyses

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  • Taz, F , Ündül, Ö , Denek, H . (2018). Çamlıca Tepesi Ulaşım Tünellerinin Yapım Aşamalarında Karşılaşılan Sorunların Değerlendirilmesi . Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi , 42 (1) , 49-76 . DOI: 10.24232/jmd.434139

  • Taz, F , Ündül, Ö , Denek, H . Çamlıca Tepesi Ulaşım Tünellerinin Yapım Aşamalarında Karşılaşılan Sorunların Değerlendirilmesi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 49-76

    • Surface Subsidence Problem Due to Groundwater Withdrawal; A Historical Review
    Nurkan Karahanoğlu
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    ABSTRACT: Scientific investigations for surface subsidence caused by groundwater date go back to 1890’s. Technologicaland industrial developments have rapidly increased the demand for groundwater and this resulted heavily use ofgroundwater resources. This phenomenon, observed in industrial areas and causing damage to infrastructures,has been related to heavy production of water-oil-and gas. In the following years, research studies have beenfocused on mathematical formulation of the interrelated mechanism of fluid withdrawal and subsidence. In theformulation, mechanical and physical behaviour of the flow and subsidence mechanisms are used together toanalyze their interrelationships. Research studies have been accelerated by Terzaghi’s consolidation model andBiot’s mathematical formulation of the phenomenon. In the following years, solution of the equations were tried byanalytical methods, however, they were not applicable to complex problems. Use of the numerical methods (Finite Elements and Finite Differences) and high capacity computers have been applied to solve the problems and this hasspeeded up the research studies.This paper summarizes the research studies related to subsidence due to fluid withdrawal and the scientificdevelopment has been reviewed. The mechanisms of subsidence and fluid flow have been explained and caseexamples are given from countries which seriously suffer from surface subsidence.

  • Surface subsidence

  • deformation and fluid flow interrelation

  • poroelasticity

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  • Karahanoğlu, N . (2018). Yeraltısuyu Çekimi Sonucu Oluşan Yüzey Çökmesi Problemi; Bilimsel Araştırmaların Tarihsel Gelişimi . Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi , 42 (1) , 77-106 . DOI: 10.24232/jmd.434142

  • Karahanoğlu, N . Yeraltısuyu Çekimi Sonucu Oluşan Yüzey Çökmesi Problemi; Bilimsel Araştırmaların Tarihsel Gelişimi. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 77-106

    • Nepheline Syenite: A Review
    Serhan Haner
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    ABSTRACT: Nepheline syenite is a siliciously poor syenitic rock composed of nepheline, sodium and alcaline feldspars.Although it is wide spread on the earth, the nepheline deposits that have economic value are limited. Commerciallyspeaking, nepheline syenite contains at least 20% nepheline and 60% feldspar. Such economic deposits are in Russia,Canada, Norway, Brazil, China and Turkey. Main uses of nepheline syenite are glass and ceramic industries. It isa source of alumina (Al2O3) and plays a role of melting products such as sanitary ware, porcelain, tile, glass andfiberglass. Because of the numerous advantages on ceramic and glass products, its consumption is high in Asia,Europe and America. In this review, characteristics of nepheline syenite, its formation, production and consumption,usage areas and technology are given

  • Feldspar

  • Igneous rock

  • Nepheline

  • Nepheline syenite

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  • BS, 2015. B&S Yatırım A.Ş., Türkiye. http://www.bsnefelin. com/tr/index.php, son erişim 12.02.2018.

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  • Deniz, K., 2010. Buzlukdağı (Kırşehir) alkali magmatik kayaçların jeolojisi, petrolojisi ve konfokal raman spektrometresi ile incelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 138 s.

  • Dolan, M.L., Hains, D.H., Ash, D.R., 1991. Highalumina rocks in Ontario: resources and process technology. Queen’s Printer, Ontario, 130 p.

  • Guillet, G.R., 1994. Nepheline syenite. (editor: D.D. Carr). Industrial Minerals and Rocks (6th Edition). Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 711-730.

  • Kennedy, B.A., 1990. Nepheline syenite. (editor: B.A. Kennedy). Surface Mining (2nd Edition). Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 214-217.

  • Kunduracı, N., Aydın, T., Akbay, A., 2016. The effect of nepheline syenite addition on the sintering behaviour of sanitaryware bodies. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 52 (2), 82-86.

  • McLemore, V.T., 2006. Nepheline Syenite. (editor: J.E. Kogel, N.C. Trivedi, J.M. Barker, S.T. Krukowski). Industrial Minerals & Rocks (7th Edition). Published by Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., Colorado, 653-670.

  • McVey, H., 1988. A study of markets for British Columbia’s nepheline syenite and feldspathic minerals. Mineral Marketing, Inc., No:0005032857, 50 p.

  • MİGEM, 2016. 4-A grubu madenler ocakbaşı satış fiyatları. Maden İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, http:// test.migem.gov.tr/duyurular/malikonular.html, son erişim 12.02.2018.

  • Smelror, M., 2014. Mineral resources in Norway 2013 production data and annual report. Geological Survey of Norway, No:2, 54 p.

  • MSDS, 2015. Nepheline syenite safety data sheet. Unimin Corporation, No: 013-U-GHS https:// www.psh.ca/MSDS/Nepheline%20Syenite.pdf, son erişim 12.02.2018.

  • MTA, 2016. Feldispat (feldspat). Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, http://www.mta. gov.tr/v3.0/bilgi-merkezi/feldispat, son erişim: 12.02.2018.

  • Negm, A.T., Abouzeid, A.Z., Boulos, T., Ahmed, H., 2000. Nepheline syenite processing for glass and ceramic industries. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 34, 5-16.

  • NSW, 2008. Nepheline syenite. Government of New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. https://www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au/__ data/assets/pdf_file/0010/238177/Nepheline. pdf, son erişim: 12.02.2018.



  • Haner, S , Demir, M . (2018). Nefelinli Siyenit: Bir Gözden Geçirme . Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi , 42 (1) , 107-120 . DOI: 10.24232/jmd.434144

  • Haner, S , Demir, M . Nefelinli Siyenit: Bir Gözden Geçirme. Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi 42 (2018 ): 107-120

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